Bureau Report | Transatlantic Affairs

Despite over two decades of discussions, India and the United States have not concluded a formal Free Trade Agreement.

Key Roadblocks

• Agricultural subsidy concerns
• Intellectual property rights differences
• Digital trade and data localization policies

Instead of a comprehensive FTA, cooperation has advanced through:

• Technology partnerships
• Critical supply chain frameworks
• Defense and semiconductor collaborations

The Strategic Paradox

The India–US relationship demonstrates that robust trade volumes and strategic cooperation can exist even without a formal FTA structure.

Editorial Note:
Trade relations between sovereign nations are dynamic and subject to evolving diplomatic priorities.